Pile fabric loom



' May 31, 1932.

v. GERO PILE FABRIC LOOM Filed May 13, 1931 5 Sheets Sheet 1 INVENTM 7/0 70/? 65/?0, BY

May 31, 1932. v. GERO 7 1,861,004

FILE FABRIC LOOM Filed May 13, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. l mrafizwo 76 BY 4 v @g 1 Arm.

May 31, 1931* v, GERO 1,861,004

' FILE FABRIC LOOM File d May 13, 1951 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 FILE FABRIC LOQM Filed May .13, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 T T 6 k INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY.

May 31, 1932. ERO 1,861,004

FILE FABRIC LOOM Filed May 13, 1951 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 IN I EN TOR. Warm? 60m,

Patented May 31, 1932 status;

. rennet ,vroroncnno, EGLENSIDE,JEENNSYLVANIAFASSIGNOR' 'rof rnnnsrrvnnrn oa'nrn'r,

conronnrron, onrnrrnnnnrrrra,:enNNsYLvAnrA; A conrcnarren or NEW YORK PILE -FABR-IC "LOOM'.

Application filed. 13,

pile

The present invention relates to tufted fabrics and more part1 cnlarly to the introduction of and drawingioffofthe tufts during the weavingioperation.

As heretofore practiced in the art ofweav ln 'the' more 'eneral method of aassin gthe P: b D

tuft yarn'through the warp is by thense of tubeframes havingcguidetubes for the respective: yarns, which franieslare removed withthe spools from the conveyor chains by side clutch operated members under. control of cams whereby;- the tubes are lowered to pass throughflthe warp; The free ends of:

the tufts protrudingfrom the tubes are then the tuftabove the cutting 'lznife and therefore when the latter. comes into actionxit cuts this portion waste whenseveringthe strand of iyarn which comes out of the tube. This waste portion is seld om less than'aneigth of an incl in length and generallyinore so that the total loss in weaving-a large sized rug-is avery' seriousitem ofezipense. i Some of the objects of the: present, inventi n are to provide anirnproved mechanism for drawingoff tuft yarns from a-tubeframe';

to provide ayarn drawing-ofl-ineans wherein 'wasteof yarn end is eliminated; to provide;

(lrawaotl now and heretofore :innse; to pro- "lClfij l mechanism for locating. the end of a turned yarn tuft atsubstantial e plane of end of v the tuft, as it; moves to cut the other end of the tuft; to provide a tuft looping mechanism capable ofvarying the tension on the tuft when, it is wrapped-abouts. shot of weft;- to-provide a means for with a-predeterminec tightness about a shot of weftwhilemaintainingthe pattern on the baclrgto provide a means for caus nga tuft.

tobe 'reversely. drawn after being passed 5 aboutf aushot-of weft whereby its free end islooped about a shot of the weft and held represents on a larger-scale-the lii Ta step by'stepclrawingsofi of yarn'from a tube frame in place of the usualcontinuous the cutting knife 'whereby'the" knife clears the l drawing a tuft.

1931; Serial No. 536,962.

1 located in-a predetermined plane; and to PTO.

vide other improvements'a-s will hereinafteraccompanying drawings, Fig. 1; I

invention; Fig.2 represents; a detail inside elevation of the spool raisingand lowering means for -inserting the tuft yarnsthrough thewarp; Fig. 3 representsadetail inside:

elevation of the comb controlling and actu-- at'ing'parts; Fig. l represents a detailinside elevation of the controlled lifting meansfor 3 the middle portion of a spool; Fina 5 repre- I sents a detail in side el vation of the combput-up or comb raising mechanism; Figs. 6 to cessive steps of drawing oil and looping the yarn strands to form the pile tufts; Fig. 14

ting cam for .the ends of thespool; Fig. 15 represents 13 inclusive represent respectively the su'c on alikesca-le the lifting cam for the middle of the spool; Fig. "16 represents on alike scale the control cam forthe lateral shifting of the comb; and Fig. 17 represents on a like,

scale the control. cam for raising the-comb. 1

Referring to the drawings one form' of. ap

paratus for successfully carrying out the objects of thepresent invention is shown as a plied to a loom of the Axminster type though only such parts as are necessary for a complete understanding of the invention are i-l.-

lustrated. It'is to be understood of course, a

that all parts necessary for the proper operation ofthe' loom, such as heddleframes, needle shot mechanism, harness control andall other parts are present and funct on in the proper manner to carry out a weaving opera-- tion inacoordance with thepresent invention,

In accordance with thepresent invention the yarn spool 10 with its tube frame 11. 18.

removed fro'm the spool conveyor by the clutch members 12 which are arranged to be raised and lowered bythe usual cam control 'in the ordinary way in timed-relat on t0 the cycle of operationswhilethe spool and tube frame selected and removed from the chain isnow under control of the side" arms 13which are pivoted-to a rod 14 fired to the end frames 15 Thearms 13 are operated respectively entirely different and basically new drawing-ofi' movement to the spools.

By reference to Fig. 2 it will be seen that the roller approaches the cam 21 by riding over the peripheral cam face of the cams 22 and 23 which are radially adjustable so as to locate the level of the spool at the proper place to prevent the tube frame from hitting the reed. Leaving the cam 23 the roller 20 meets the first high point 24 of the cam 21 and conse uently the tube frame 11 is lifted to draw-o a predetermined length of yarn from the spool but the cam action is insufiicient to give a full draw-off stroke to the tube frame 11 so that only about one half of the ordinar length of yarn is drawn-oft, The length rawn-ofi' is not limited however to any s ific amount, because the broad scope of tl i invention comprehends two draw-ofi steps irrespective of yarn length instead of one draw-off of full length as has heretofore been the practice. When the roller 20 reaches the top of the lift point 24 it then rides on a concentric portion'25 of the cam 21 to allow the tube frame 11 to remain stationary while certain other adjuncts perform their functions in the cycle. At the end of the portion 25 the roller 20 meets the second high point 26 and is given a relatively quick kick to again lift the tube frame 11 to complete the am draw-off and bring the frame to the leve where its control is taken over by the clutch devices.

Since the aforesaid control for the spool and tube frame acts at the ends of the frame,

provision is made for simultaneously supporting and lifting the middle portion of the spool bya lifter 27 which projects forwardly from a pivoted bell crank 28 operatively joined by a connecting rod 30 to an operating lever 31 in the form of a bell crank pivoted at 32 and carrying a cam roller 33. An operating 01111134 is adjustably mounted upon a wheel 35 and has a shape generally conforming to the shape of cam 21. The wheel 35 is fixed to the shaft 36 which also carries wheel 37 upon which the cam 21 is mounted and the relative positions of the two cams 21 and 34 upon the two wheels is such that for each lift of the tube frame ends due to the earns 21 there will be a simultaneous and like lift of the lifter 27. lVhen the lifter27 is down it rests upon the back cutting knife 38 as a support while itscontrol cam roller 33 is in the path of the cam 34. As this latter turns toward the cam roller 33 its face 40 contacts with the roller 33 and thereby causes the lifter 27 to move upwardly until it is just below the bottom of the tube frame 11 at which time the roller 33 rides onto the first lift cam face 41 to cause the middle part of the frame to be su ported at the new level to whichits ends are brought by the first step of the draw-off. When the roller 33 reaches the high point 42 it is held at that level by the concentric face 43 for the necessary interval and is then given a quick kick upwardly by the second high point 44 which corresponds to the second draw-off step. Leaving the high point 44 the roller 33 now rides along the concentric face 45 to still support the tube frame and spool so that when the latter is a raised by the clutches the roller 33 comes to the drop-off face 46 which allows the lifter 27 to swing down and come to rest again upon the knife 38.

For actuating the comb 50 so that it has the desired oscillatory movement necessary to fold the tuft ends under the shot of weft, it is carried by a frame 51 supported on arms 52 which extend laterally from a pivot shaft 53 supported by links 54. The links 54 are fast at one end to a rock shaft 55 journalled between pivot pins on the frame and arranged to be rocked by an arm 56 which joins a connecting rod 57 leading to the bell crank 58. The bell crank 58 is pivoted at 60 and carries a cam roller 61 held against the face of comb cam 62 which is fast'to a wheel 63 on the main shaft 36. The action of this cam 62 is to rock the arm 56 to cause the comb 50 to travel below and past the shot of weft 64 to turn the free end of the tuft yarn and then to return the comb 50 to its initial position. \Vhen the comb 50 has moved under and beyond the shot of weft 64 it is rocked upwardly with rocking movement of the pivot shaft 53 by the action of the lift rod 65 which is attached to a bell crank 66 operated by a connecting rod 67 to a rock lever 68 carrying a cam roller 70 associated with the lift cam 71 on wheel 72 keyed to the main shaft 36.

The comb cam 62 has a relatively abrupt cam roller meeting face 73 which throws the comb 50 rearwardly with a quick motion to itsfurthest position back of the shot of weft and at this point the cam roller 61 rides over the high point projection 74 and then drops back to the concentric face 75 which maintains the comb in proper vertical alineinent with its associated parts. During the time the comb is thus controlled as to its lateral position the lift cam 71 functions to bring the comb up to complete the looping of the tufts about the weft shot. When the cam roller 61 reaches the point 76 it rides into a depression 77 so that the comb is drawn toward the folded ends of the tufts and presses against them with sufiicient pressure to cause the tuft to resist the pull of the second draw ofi' step and prevent more of the tuft from With the completion of this second draw-ofi it is advisable, to release the comb and push: ltaway from the tufts so that whenthe comb "5goes downiortbackto lts lateral movement level it will not scrape the yarn and tothat v ting-off knives were then actuated 1n the sold manner an eighth of an inch or more of end the cam 62 .has a second high point 78 V which gives the comb its second and last backward movement The face 80 allows-the cam roller 61 to ride inthedirection to-shi-ft the comb forwardlytouits starting, position...

The liftcam' Tl hassucha position on. the wheel.72. relative-to the co1nb cam 62. that pits roller 70 meets the first high point 81 at 7the instant the comb has beenbrought to itsfurthest bacl; position by the high. point 74, The high point 81 bringsthe comb up'with a" gradual acceller ation to the second high] point 82which determines thevmaximum ver rat movementofthe comb. Th1s position r is but a-momentary one and then the roller:

70 -isflowered slightly to the concentric por towarclthe turned tuft yarn ends and acts to tionr83 which holds the comb-level unt l the depression, 84 is reached. This depression serves to drop. the comb down just enough.

to clear the knife blade asit advances-forthe cuttingof they arn asv otherwiseqthe blade would strike the comb with v resultingrdam-r- In describingthe operation of the inven: tion it will be assumed that a tuft frame and spool have beenirem oved from the spoolconveyor and lowered so that the tuft frame yarn guides have passed through the warp 3. "and located the ends of'the yarn in proper position with respect to the comb 50and other asso iated parts (seeFig. 6). Atthis time a shot of the weft'.6tpasses across the row of yarn ends and immediately thereafter'the :reed85 swings towardthcfrowpof yarnends and pressesth shot of weft 64s againstthes ends {see Fig.7). As soon as this occurs the frame lift cams 2l reachaposition where the 'first" high point 2%, of each operates through the cam rollers 20 and other vconnections to raise the tuft frame 'andthereby draw a predetermined length ofQya-rn from c the spool (see Fig; .6)v though this i j. which is drawn off fromfne spool is 'consi er;- 5 "abivless than ,th'at drawn offin looms ofthis typejasf heretofore fcfonstructedlfThe putting-put camfiQLor cam which controls the;

lateral movement Qofthecomb now functions to throw the latterquicldy tothe end 550f its lateral stroke so that the ends of the yarn are now turned about the shot of weft at right, anglesto their former positicn r (see 9) The reed 85 has: now moved: baclr to its'inoperative position and immediately f iths comb 5O reachestheend of .its lateral stroke the comb liftc'amfunc ns to move the comb vertically andthusbring the turned end of the yarn substantially parallel "to the portion of the yarn which is still attached to ar-1198 3001. The position of the parts at this time is showninf Fig. 10 and assoonas the comb 50 reaches this position a second shot of weft 86 is thrown across the yarn as indicated. The free ends of the turned yarn are now sub stantially at the same level as they are when turned in an ordinary loom and if the cutthe ends wouldbe cut off aswaste because the knivestravel transversely below the level of these yarn ends. In accordance with the presentinvention thev spool lift cams 21 and 34 have nowreachedthe-v places where the second high; points and la meet their re spective rollers 20 and and accordiiigly give a suddenupward kick of'the spool and tuft frame which draws the yarn endsback until they are just below the plane of movement of the knives. At the time this second draw oif of the yarn takes place the comb cam 62 brings the portion 7? opposite the roller 61- and the comb 50 is therefore'moved squeeze or hold them sothat the second drawoffv movement will not pull back more than the desired length of tr e yarn ends. This squeezing action begins immediately the yarn'ends are drawn back the predetermined distance and results in the ends being held at the new. lower level while the tuft frame moves. V l

When the yarnendsare-located at the new level by the seconddraw-voff; the comb lowers to clear the path for the knife 38 and the cut] is made through the length of. yarn which is stillattachedto the raised tuft frame. The knife 38, howevenpasses over the; turned ends, and therefore the length-of yarn which has heretofore. been cut ofi'is', saved. lnFig. l1

s the knives are shown advancing to make the cutaiidthelength.of tuft end saved is shown in dotted lines. This completes-theoperation for a single row of. tufts and therefore f the comb cam 62 has come tothe position .vliere the comb release point, 8 acts to move tlievcemb away from the tufts (as shown in 1'2) in order. not to scrapethe yarn, as;

the comb lowers and returns to the position shown i'n Fig, 13, In this latter figure the tuft'f'rame is ready to be carried backwlth its spool to the chain and be replaced byanr comb the comb lifting mecha-ism, the yarn draw-0d and other movements, it might apr ether frame for the next-row of tuftsto be pear that the actions are comparatively slow and that one operation is delayed while-i awa ting the completion of another, butv as a; matter offact there is almost a slmultaneous functioning of the. several parts; each in its rclativelyifastfweaving, operation *Wit-h no 1 tune-lag: or delays Furthermore by- T the elimination of a. single draw-off movement proper timei inthe cycle and the result isa;

it is possible, not only to eliminate waste of yarn, but also to regulate the tension placed upon the tufts during the weaving and thereby to vary the texture of the finished article. By this is meant that regulation of the comb can take place so that it exerts practically any required pressure against the yarn ends and if pressed tightly thereagainst it will cause the yarn to resist the pull of the upwardly moving tuft frame and give a tight wrapping of the'tuft about the Weft. Likewise by less pressure the tendency of the yarn to move slightly during the drawing-off is increased and the portion of the tuft looped about the weft is not bound so tightly and it will, therefore, be seen that the fabric can be woven with a soft or a hard back according to requirements, but both showing the complete pattern.

While in the foregoing reference has been made to the saving of yarn as an essential result of the present invention and in order that this may be practically appreciated, it is here stated the first production runs upon a loom weaving nine foot by twelve foot rugs gave the astonishing increase of approximately six per cent saving of yarn. In other words the same loom which heretofore wove eighty, nine by twelve rugs now turned out eightyfive such rugs using exactly the same amount of am.

hile only a single form is shown in which this invention may be embodied, it is to be & understood that the invention is not limited to any specific construction, but mightbe applied to various forms without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims. Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a loom for making tufted pile fabric, a yarn spool, a tube frame carried thereby for passing the yarn ends through the warp, a comb for turning the yarn ends about a shot of weft, means for giving said tube frame two successive lift movements for drawing off lengths of tuft yarn, and means for holding the yarn ends during one of said movements to draw a predetermined length of yarn from said 001.

2. n a loom for making tufted pile fabric, a yarn spool, a tube frame carried thereby for passing the yarn ends through the warp, a comb for turning the yarn ends about a shot of weft, means for giving saidtube frame two successive lift movements for drawing the tuft yarn, means for holding the yarn ends during one of said movements to draw a predetermined length of yarn from saidspool, and means for releasin said holding means during the other of said allow the free ends of the yarn tufts to be drawn back to a predetermined level.

3. In a loom for making tufted pile fabric, a yarn spool, a tube frame carried thereby frame movements to forpming the yarn ends through the warp, a comb for turning the yarn ends about a shot of weft, means for giving the said tube frame two successive 11ft movements for drawing the tuft yarn, means for holding the yarn ends during one of said movements to draw a predetermined length of yarn from said spool, and means for releasing said holdink means during the other of mid frame movements to allow the free ends of the yarn tufts to be drawn back out of the plane of operation of the loom knives.

4. In a loom for making tufted pile fabric,

a yarn spool, a tube frame carried thereby for passin the yarn ends through the warp, a comb or turning the yarn ends about a shot of weft, means operating at the ends of said spool for giving said tube frame two successive lift movements for drawing ofi" lengths of tuft yarn, and means synchronized with said'lift means for lifting the middle portion of said spool.

5. In a loom for making tufted pile fabric, a yarn spool, a tube frame carried thereby for passing the yarn ends through the warp, a comb for turning the yarn ends about a shot of weft to locate the'ends above the plane of operation of the cutting knives, means to hold said ends so located, cam actuated means for lifting said tube frame to draw off a predetermined length of yarn from said spool while said ends are held, a device for releasing said holding means when said draw-off stops, and means for again lifting said tube frame to draw said ends below the plane of operation mo of the cutting knives whereby only the connected sides of the tuft loops are severed and waste ends eliminated.

6. In a loom for making tufted pile fabric,

a spool of yarn, atuft frame for passing the yarn ends through the warp, means for drawing off a portion of a tuft length during one portion of the frame stroke, means for drawing-ofi' the remaining portion of said tuft length during the remaining portion of said no stroke, and a device for regulating the tension of said yarn ends whereby the texture of the back of the fabric can be varied at will.

7. In a loom for making tufted pile fabric, a spool of yarn, a tuft frame for passing the yarn ends through the warp, means for drawing off a portion of a tuft len h in one operation. means for drawing-o the remaining portion of said tuft length in a second operation, a comb, and means to vary the holding action. of said comb on said yarn during the second draw-off operation, whereby the texture of the back of the fabric can be varied at will.

Signed at Philadelphia, county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, this 11th day of May, 1931. i

7 VICTOR GERO. 

